2023-03-23 21:59来源:m.sf1369.com作者:宇宇
物理方法是在沉淀糟中来分离水中的微粒;生物方法是在过滤池中通过细菌群分解污物,是污水处理的核心.化学方法是在露天池塘向水中加入氯来杀灭水中的病源微生物.故答案为:沉淀糟中;微粒;过滤池中;细菌群;露天池塘中;氯.
食品做微生物实验需要做5个样,那么出检验报告怎么出
我国卫生部颁布的食品微生物指标有菌落总数、大肠菌群和致病菌三项。
1、菌落总数
菌落总数是指食品检样经过处理,在一定条件下培养后所得1g或1ml检样中所含细菌菌落的总数。它可以反应食品的新鲜度、被细菌污染的程度、生产过程中食品是否变质和食品生产的一般卫生状况等。因此它是判断食品卫生质量的重要依据之一。
2、大肠菌群
大肠菌群包括大肠杆菌和产气杆菌的一些中间类型的细菌。这些细菌是寄居于人及温血动物肠道内的肠居菌,它随着的大便排出体外。食品中如果大肠菌群数越多,说明食品受粪便污染的程度越大。故以大肠菌群作为粪便污染食品的卫生指标来评价食品的质量,具有广泛的意义。
3、致病菌
致病菌既能够引起人们发病的细菌。对不同的食品和不同的场合,应该选择一定的参考菌群进行检验。例如:海产品以副溶血性弧菌作为参考菌群,蛋与蛋制品以沙门氏菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、变形杆菌等作为参考菌群,米、面类食品以蜡样芽孢杆菌、变形杆菌、霉菌等作为参考菌群,罐头食品以耐热性芽孢菌作为参考菌群等等。
4、霉菌及其毒素
我国还没有制定出霉菌的具体指标,鉴于有很多霉菌能够产生毒素,引起疾病,故应该对产毒霉菌进行检验。例如:曲霉属的黄曲霉、寄生曲霉等,青酶属的桔青酶、岛青酶等,镰刀酶属的串珠镰刀酶,禾谷镰刀酶等等。
5、其它指标
微生物指标还应包括病毒,肝炎病毒、猪瘟病毒、鸡新城疫病毒、马立克氏病毒、口蹄疫病毒,狂犬病病毒,猪水泡病毒等;另外,从食品检验的角度考虑,寄生虫也被很多学者列为微生物检验的指标:如旋毛虫,囊尾蚴,住肉孢子虫、蛔虫,肺吸虫,弓形体,螨,姜片吸虫,中华分枝睾吸虫等等 。
信息技术和生物技术都是高新技术,二者在新经济中并非此消彼长的关系,而是相辅相成,共同推进经济的快速发展。 1.生物技术的发展需要信息技术支撑 (1)信息技术为生物技术的发展提供强有力的计算工具。在现代生物技术发展过程中,计算机与高性...
采用低速离心(细胞离下来的转数即可,如1000rpm-1500rpm),然后将沉淀转入2.5-4%的戊二醛中固定(2h以上,可于4度放至几天),然后再次离心,用丙酮逐级脱水(30%,50%,70%,80%,90%,100%,100%)再用叔丁醇置换,然后真空冷冻干燥,接下来将细胞粉(抽干应呈现为粉末状)涂抹在导电胶上,再将导电胶粘放到样品台上进行喷金处理,处理好的样品就可以放入扫描电镜样品室进行观察拍照了。
A team of earth researchers are turning to tiny bacteria to tackle a big problem: reducing the dangerous levels of selenium in agricultural drainage water.
LBL earth scientist Nigel Quinn and Earth Sciences Division Director Sally Benson are collaborating with researchers from UC Berkeley on a three-year project to find out if certain types of algae and bacteria take up selenium well enough to form the basis of an efficient drainage treatment method.
To test this new microbial technology, a pilot water treatment plant will soon be built in the Panoche Water District in western San Joaquin Valley.
This is a very promising system in that it's a very cheap technology, and likely to be affordable for farmers, Quinn says.
Funded by a grant from the US Bureau of Reclamation, the Panoche water-treatment project grew out of a one-year experiment the researchers conducted in the Grassland Water District. In that experiment, they studied agricultural drainage water flowing through a complex of privately and publicly-owned wetlands that serve as habitats for birds and other wildlife. Contaminated water flows through more than 100 miles of channels, passing several private duck hunting clubs and travelling through the middle of the State-run Los Banos Refuge before it discharges into the San Joaquin River.
Salt-laden agricultural water--salty from the leaching of naturally occurring alluvial deposits and the evaporation of irrigation water--routinely drains into the San Joaquin River from cotton and tomato fields and fruit and nut groves on what would otherwise be arid land. This drainage water also contains high levels of selenium and boron, naturally present in the shallow groundwater underlying the agricultural area.